Exploring the Ancient Wonders: Top Historical Landmarks to Visit This Year

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to walk through ancient history? This year, why not explore some of the world’s most amazing historical landmarks? These places tell the stories of our past and offer a glimpse into different cultures and civilizations. From grand temples to ancient cities, each landmark has its own unique charm and history. Let’s take a journey through time and discover the top historical landmarks you must visit this year.

Key Takeaways

• The Great Wall of China is a massive structure that stretches over 13,000 miles and was built to protect against invasions.
• The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the oldest and most iconic wonders of the world, built over 4,500 years ago.
• Machu Picchu is an ancient Incan city located high in the Andes Mountains, known for its stunning architecture and breathtaking views.
• Stonehenge is a mysterious prehistoric monument in England, made up of massive stone circles that have puzzled historians for centuries.
• The Parthenon in Athens is a symbol of ancient Greek civilization and was dedicated to the goddess Athena.

1. The Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China is one of the most impressive architectural feats in human history. Stretching over 13,000 miles, it was originally built to protect against invasions from northern tribes. The wall’s construction began as early as the 7th century BCE and continued for centuries, with significant work done during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).

Historical Significance

The Great Wall is the longest wall in the world and features numerous watchtowers and fortifications. It stands as a symbol of China’s strength and resilience.

Visiting the Wall

Popular sections to visit include Mutianyu and Jinshanling. Mutianyu is about a 90-minute drive from Beijing, making it an easy day trip. Jinshanling, though farther, is well-preserved and favored by hikers. Each section requires its own entry ticket, typically costing between $6 to $8.

Walking on the Great Wall is a unique experience that allows you to connect with history in a tangible way. The sheer magnitude of human effort involved in its construction is awe-inspiring.

Best Time to Visit

The best times to visit are in the spring (April to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is mild and the scenery is stunning.

2. The Great Pyramid of Giza

The Great Pyramid of Giza, also known as the Pyramid of Khufu, is the largest and most famous of the three pyramids on the Giza Plateau. It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still standing today. Built around 2580–2560 BCE, this monumental structure was originally 482 feet tall and covered in polished limestone, which made it shine brightly under the sun.

Key Features

• King’s Chamber: Located deep within the pyramid, it contains a large granite sarcophagus.
• Queen’s Chamber: Smaller than the King’s Chamber, it features a unique angular doorway.
• Grand Gallery: A long, ascending passage that leads to the King’s Chamber.
• Unfinished Chamber: The lowest part of the pyramid, its purpose remains a mystery.

Visiting Tips

• Location: The pyramid is situated about 11 miles southwest of Cairo.
• Transportation: Taxis, Uber, or hiring a car and driver are the most convenient ways to get there.
• Tickets: Entry costs approximately $17 per person.

The Great Pyramid of Giza is a testament to the ingenuity and ambition of ancient Egyptian civilization. Its sheer scale and precision continue to amaze visitors from around the world.

For those looking to explore more of Egypt’s ancient wonders, consider visiting Luxor, known as ‘the world’s greatest open-air museum,’ which offers a rich tapestry of experiences that transport you back in time.

3. Machu Picchu

Nestled high in the Peruvian Andes, Machu Picchu is a breathtaking ancient Incan citadel. Located at nearly 8,000 feet above sea level, it offers stunning views of the surrounding Sacred Valley’s jagged peaks. Millions of visitors come each year to explore its terraces and classical dry-stone buildings.

Machu Picchu was built around 1450 but was abandoned a century later during the Spanish conquest. Rediscovered in 1911 by Hiram Bingham, it has since become a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.

How to Visit

• By Train: You can reach Aguas Calientes, the nearest town, by train from Cusco. Options include Inca Rail, PeruRail, and the luxurious Belmond Hiram Bingham train. The journey takes over three hours.
• By Hike: Another way to visit is by hiking the famous Inca Trail, which can be booked through various tour operators in Cusco.

Entry tickets cost approximately $23 for adults and $20 for students and must be purchased in advance for a specific date and time slot.

Rainy season is no joke at Machu Picchu—plan accordingly.

4. Stonehenge

Located near Salisbury in Wiltshire, England, Stonehenge is a mysterious and ancient monument that has fascinated people for centuries. This megalithic structure, over 3,000 years old, consists of massive stones that were transported from Wales. Each stone stands about 13 feet high, 7 feet wide, and weighs around 25 tons. Scholars are still unsure how the builders managed to move these stones and have tried to replicate the feat with little success. The purpose of Stonehenge remains a mystery, with theories ranging from religious ceremonies to astronomical observations.

Stonehenge is now fenced off, and visitors can only walk around the attraction. However, it’s still worth visiting for the mystery and history it holds. An excellent audio tour is included with admission, and booking timed tickets in advance online is required. Group day trips from London are also a popular option, though it’s a two-hour journey one way.

5. The Parthenon

The Parthenon, located in Athens, Greece, stands proudly atop the Acropolis, a rocky hill that overlooks the city. This ancient temple, dedicated to the goddess Athena, was built in 447 B.C.E. to celebrate the Athenians’ victory over the Persian invaders. The Parthenon is a symbol of the power and culture of ancient Greece. Over the centuries, it has served various roles, including a treasury, a Christian church, and a mosque.

Visitors can easily reach the Parthenon thanks to nearby metro and city bus stops. The closest metro station is Acropoli. Tickets to the Acropolis can be bought online or at the entrance. During the high season, tickets cost about $35 for adults, while in the winter, they are roughly $11 for students with ID.

The Parthenon offers a breathtaking view of Athens and nearby ruins, making it a must-visit landmark for anyone exploring the city.

At the base of the Acropolis, the Acropolis Museum displays the Parthenon frieze and other artifacts found on the Acropolis. Some parts of the frieze are still controversially housed in London’s British Museum.

6. Chichén Itzá

Chichén Itzá, located on Mexico’s Yucatán Peninsula, is a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts. This ancient Mayan city thrived from around 400 C.E. to the 1400s and is now a UNESCO World Heritage site. The site is renowned for its diverse Mesoamerican architectural styles, reflecting the rich cultural heritage of the Mayan civilization.

Key Attractions

• El Castillo (Temple of Kukulkan): This iconic step pyramid is famous for its alignment with celestial events. During the equinoxes, the setting sun creates the illusion of a serpent descending the pyramid’s steps, symbolizing the Mayan deity Kukulkan.
• The Great Ball Court: The largest and most impressive ball court in ancient Mesoamerica, where the Mayans played their traditional ball game.
• Temple of the Warriors: A large stepped pyramid flanked by rows of carved columns depicting warriors.

Tips for Visiting

• Arrive Early: To avoid the crowds and the heat, it’s best to visit early in the morning.
• Hire a Guide: A knowledgeable tour guide can provide valuable insights into the history and significance of the site.
• Stay Hydrated: The Yucatán Peninsula can get very hot, so make sure to bring plenty of water.

Chichén Itzá offers a profound journey into history, making it a must-visit destination for travelers. The grandeur of the Mayan civilization is showcased through its impressive structures and rich cultural heritage.

7. The Taj Mahal

The Taj Mahal, located in Agra, India, is a stunning white marble mausoleum built in the 1600s by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. This architectural marvel is not only a symbol of eternal love but also a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.

Visitors can explore the perfectly symmetrical structure, which features a 240-foot-tall central dome and intricate inlaid semiprecious stones. The site also includes vast gardens with long reflecting pools and a red sandstone gate.

The Taj Mahal is open from 7 AM to 5 PM from Saturday to Thursday and is closed on Fridays. Admission for adults is 1,100 INR, with an additional 200 INR to visit the main mausoleum. For a unique experience, visit during the full moon when the marble is beautifully lit by natural moonlight. Night tickets are limited and cost 750 INR.

The greatest threat to the Taj Mahal is air pollution, which is damaging the marble. Recent restrictions on tourism aim to protect this iconic landmark.

Guided day trips from Delhi are a popular and convenient option, especially for those short on time. These tours provide a knowledgeable guide and take care of all transportation needs.

8. Angkor Wat

Angkor Wat, located in Siem Reap, Cambodia, is one of the world’s largest religious monuments. Built in the 12th century by King Suryavarman II, this temple complex was originally dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu. Today, Angkor Wat is one of the most important pilgrimage shrines in Southeast Asia and a popular tourist attraction.

The temple complex spans approximately 400 acres and features five iconic towers that represent the five peaks of Mount Meru, a sacred mountain in Hindu mythology. The intricate carvings of devatas (Hindu deities) and the symmetrical architecture make it an architectural marvel.

How to Visit

• The park entrance is about three miles north of the center of Siem Reap.
• A convenient way to visit Angkor Wat is to hire a tuk-tuk driver for about $20 a day.
• Visitors can buy tickets at the main entrance to the temple. One-day passes cost approximately $37 for adults; entry for children 12 and under is free.

There are many affordable hotels in Siem Reap, but for a slight splurge, book a safari-style tent at The Beige, where even the floating forest pool has views of the World Heritage site.

9. The Colosseum

The Colosseum, located in the heart of Rome, is the world’s most famous amphitheater. Built between 70-80 AD, this grand structure could hold between 50,000 to 80,000 spectators. It was the epicenter of ancient Roman entertainment. Visitors can almost hear the roar of the crowd as gladiators fought for their lives, sometimes against each other, sometimes against wild animals.

But the Colosseum wasn’t just about brutal fights. It also hosted chariot races, elaborate spectacles, and even mock sea battles. This monumental amphitheater showcased the power and cultural legacy of the Roman Empire. Today, a visit to the Colosseum is one of the best things to do in Rome.

The Colosseum stands as a testament to the skill of Roman engineering and the pageantry that unfolded within its curved walls.

For the best experience, consider visiting Rome in the spring (April to June) or fall (September to October) for pleasant weather and manageable crowds.

10. Petra

Nestled within the rugged cliffs of Jordan, Petra is a breathtaking archaeological site known as the ‘rose city‘ due to its stunning pink sandstone facades. This ancient city, carved into the rock by the Nabataean civilization, offers visitors a glimpse into a world long past. Petra is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, drawing travelers from all corners of the globe.

Visitors enter Petra through the Siq, a narrow, winding canyon that opens up to reveal the awe-inspiring Al-Khazneh, also known as The Treasury. This magnificent structure, carved directly into the rock face, served as a mausoleum for a Nabataean king in the 1st century BCE. Beyond The Treasury, Petra unfolds into a vast cityscape of elaborate tombs, temples, and an amphitheater.

• **Key Highlights: **
  • The Siq: A narrow canyon serving as the main entrance.
  • Al-Khazneh (The Treasury): A stunning rock-cut mausoleum.
  • The Monastery: Another impressive rock-cut structure.
  • The Amphitheater: A large, ancient theater carved into the hillside.

Petra is not just a historical site; it’s an unforgettable journey into the ancient wonders of the Nabataean civilization. Whether you’re visiting for a day or more, Petra promises an experience that will stay with you forever.

Conclusion

Exploring ancient wonders around the world offers a unique glimpse into our shared history. These historical landmarks, from the Great Wall of China to the Pyramids of Giza, are not just remnants of the past but also sources of inspiration and learning. Visiting these sites allows us to connect with different cultures and appreciate the achievements of those who came before us. Whether you’re a history enthusiast or just curious, these landmarks provide unforgettable experiences that enrich our understanding of the world. So pack your bags and embark on a journey through time to witness the marvels that have shaped our civilization.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are some of the top historical landmarks to visit?

Some top historical landmarks to visit include the Great Wall of China, the Great Pyramid of Giza, Machu Picchu, Stonehenge, the Parthenon, Chichén Itzá, the Taj Mahal, Angkor Wat, the Colosseum, and Petra.

Why is the Great Wall of China famous?

The Great Wall of China is famous because it is one of the longest structures ever built, stretching over 13,000 miles. It was originally constructed to protect against invasions and has become a symbol of China’s historical strength and perseverance.

When was the Great Pyramid of Giza built?

The Great Pyramid of Giza was built around 2550 to 2490 BC. It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World and remains largely intact.

What makes Machu Picchu a must-visit site?

Machu Picchu is a must-visit site because of its stunning location high in the Andes Mountains and its well-preserved ruins. It offers a unique glimpse into the Incan civilization and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Where is Stonehenge located and why is it significant?

Stonehenge is located in Wiltshire, England. It is significant because it is one of the most famous prehistoric monuments in the world, with its massive stone circles and mysterious origins that continue to intrigue historians and archaeologists.

What is the best time to visit the Taj Mahal?

The best time to visit the Taj Mahal is during the cooler months from October to March. This period offers pleasant weather, making it ideal for exploring the monument and its surrounding gardens.